Hits:Updated:2019-08-28 15:08:05【Print】
Sea cucumber glycosaminoglycan (hGAG) is a kind of glycosaminoglycan containing fucose (L-fu cos) extracted from the wall of Jade foot sea cucumber widely grown in the South China Sea. In the early 1980s, Chinese scholars discovered that it can cause bleeding in experimental animals when studying the anti-tumor effect of hGAG, so that people gradually understand its anticoagulant effect. The researchers used hGAG to treat normal people and patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular thrombosis, and found that they have anticoagulant, reduced blood viscosity and lower blood lipids. In order to make better use and development of the marine life resources of jade foot sea cucumber, the researchers studied the anti-thrombotic mechanism of hGAG. METHODS: The effects of hGAG on procoagulant activity, tissue factor (TF), thrombomodulin (TM) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were observed. RESULTS: After incubation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and endothelial cells, different concentrations of hGAG decreased cell procoagulant activity, decreased transcription of TF antigen and mRNA, enhanced TM antigen expression and mRNA transcription, and hGAG enhanced endothelial cell culture supernatant. The PAI-1 antigen, activity, and mRNA transcription are decreased. Conclusion: hGAG can down-regulate the expression of TF in endothelial cells, promote the expression of TM, reduce the synthesis and secretion of PAI-1 in endothelial cells and inhibit the transcription of PAI-1 mRNA, and exert antithrombotic effect.
The study found that hGAG can inhibit the expression of TF:Ag and TF mRNA in HU-VECs induced by LPS, and decrease the PCA on the surface of HU-VECs, but the mechanism of down-regulating TF expression remains to be elucidated. The experimental results revealed that hGAG can increase the expression of TM decreased after LPS stimulation, which is beneficial to increase the activity of anticoagulant system and delay the formation of thrombus.
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